What Causes Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s?
Levodopa-induced dyskinesia comes from dopamine arriving in spikes that the brain can no longer absorb, and it shows up as involuntary jerking or writhing. It usually shows up after four to ten years of treatment. By then, Parkinson’s has destroyed most of the...
Can DBS Help Writer’s Cramp and Task-Specific Dystonia?
Deep brain stimulation helps some people with writer’s cramp, but only after injections and therapy have stopped working. The evidence is thin. It rests on case reports and small series, not large trials. Surgeons aim at the thalamus for hand cramping and at the...
Can Dystonia Go Away on Its Own?
Tardive dystonia isn’t a variation of tardive dyskinesia, it’s a separate and more severe condition. Same drug class, different mechanism: sustained, painful muscle contractions rather than repetitive orofacial movements. Antipsychotics are the usual...